May 7, 2013 -WASHINGTON — The problem of sexual assault in the military
leapt to the forefront in Washington on Tuesday as the Pentagon released a
survey estimating that 26,000 people in the armed forces were sexually
assaulted last year, up from 19,000 in 2010, and an angry President Obama and
Congress demanded action.
The study, based on a confidential survey sent to 108,000
active-duty service members, was released two days after the officer in charge
of sexual assault prevention programs for the Air Force was arrested and
charged with sexual battery for grabbing a woman’s breasts and buttocks in an
Arlington, Va., parking lot.
At a White House news conference, Mr. Obama expressed
exasperation with the Pentagon’s attempts to bring sexual assault under
control.
“The bottom line is, I have no tolerance for this,” Mr.
Obama said in answer to a question about the survey. “If we find out somebody’s
engaging in this stuff, they’ve got to be held accountable, prosecuted,
stripped of their positions, court-martialed, fired, dishonorably discharged.
Period.”
The president said he had ordered Defense Secretary
Chuck Hagel “to step up our game exponentially” to prevent sex crimes and said
he wanted military victims of sexual assault to know that “I’ve got their
backs.”
In a separate report made public on Tuesday, the
military recorded 3,374 sexual assault reports last year, up from 3,192 in
2011, suggesting that many victims continue not to report the crimes for fear
of retribution or a lack of justice under the department’s system for
prosecution.
The numbers come as the Pentagon prepares to integrate
women formally into what had been all-male domains of combat, making the
effective monitoring, policing and prosecuting of sexual misconduct all the
more pressing.
Pentagon officials said nearly 26,000 active-duty men
and women had responded to the sexual assault survey. Of those, 6.1 percent of
women and 1.2 percent of men said they had experienced sexual assault in the
past year, which the survey defined as everything from rape to “unwanted sexual
touching” of genitalia, breasts, buttocks or inner thighs.
From those percentages, the Pentagon extrapolated that
12,100 of the 203,000 women on active duty and 13,900 of the 1.2 million men on
active duty had experienced some form of sexual assault. In 2010, a similar
Pentagon survey found that 4.4 percent of active-duty women and fewer than 0.9
percent of active-duty men had experienced sexual assault.
Pentagon officials could not explain the jump in
assaults of women, although they believed that more victims, both men and
women, were making the choice to come forward. In the general population, about
0.2 percent of American women over age 12 were victims of sexual assault in
2010, the most recent year for which data is available, according to the
Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Statistics.
In response to the report, Mr. Hagel said at a news
conference on Tuesday that the Pentagon was instituting a new plan that orders
the service chiefs to incorporate sexual assault programs into their commands.
“What’s going on is just not acceptable,” Mr. Hagel said.
“We will get control of this.”
The report quickly caught fire on Capitol Hill, where
women on the Senate Armed Services Committee expressed outrage at two Air Force
officers who suggested that they were making progress in ending the problem in
their branch.
“If the man in charge for the Air Force in preventing
sexual assaults is being alleged to have committed a sexual assault this
weekend,” said Senator Kirsten Gillibrand,
Democrat of New York, “obviously there’s a failing in training and
understanding of what sexual assault is, and how corrosive and damaging it is
to good order and discipline.”
Ms. Gillibrand, who nearly shouted as she addressed
Michael B. Donley, the secretary of the Air Force, said that the continued
pattern of sexual assault was “undermining the credibility of the greatest
military force in the world.”
She and some other members of the committee are seeking
to have all sex offenders in the military discharged from service, and she
would like to replace the current system of adjudicating sexual assault by
taking it outside the chain of command. She is particularly focused on
decisions, including one made recently by an Air Force senior officer, to
reverse guilty verdicts in sexual assault cases with little explanation.
Senator Claire McCaskill, a Missouri Democrat who is
also on the Senate Armed Services Committee, is holding up the nomination of
that Air Force officer, Lt. Gen. Susan J. Helms, to be vice commander of the
Air Force’s Space Command. Ms. McCaskill said she wanted additional information
about General Helms’s decision to overturn a jury conviction in a sexual
assault case last year.
Gen. Mark A. Welsh III, the Air Force chief of staff,
told the committee at the same hearing on Tuesday that he was “appalled” by the
conduct and the arrest of Lt. Col. Jeffrey Krusinski, the Air Force officer
accused of sexual battery on Sunday. The police say that Colonel Krusinski was
drunk when he approached the woman in the parking lot and that the victim was
ultimately able to fend him off and call 911.
Mr. Hagel called Mr. Donley on Monday evening to
express his “outrage and disgust” over the matter, a Pentagon statement said.
Ms. McCaskill was particularly critical of Colonel
Krusinski as well as the Air Force for placing him in charge of sexual assault
prevention. “It is hard for me to believe that somebody could be accused of
that behavior with a complete stranger and not have anything in his file,” she
said.
While Mr. Hagel and others in the military seem open to
changes to the system that allows cases to be overturned, they remained chilly
to the idea of taking military justice out of the chain of command.
“It is my strong belief that the ultimate authority has
to remain within the command structure,” Mr. Hagel said, which is almost
certain to meet with objections as the issue continues to come under the
scrutiny of the Armed Services Committee.
Under Mr. Hagel’s plan, the military would seek to quickly study and come up with ways to hold commanders more accountable for sexual assault. The chiefs of the Army, Navy and Air Force and the commandant of the Marines have until Nov. 1 to report their findings. Mr. Hagel also directed the services to visually inspect department workplaces, including the service academies, for potentially offensive or degrading materials, by July 1.