There
are various Hadiths in which Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) have
narrated that Mut'a (temporary marriage) was allowed in early period of Islam
but later it was completely forbidden and made unlawful forever till the Day of
Resurrection (Qayamah) by Prophet Mohammad (SalAllaho Alaihi Wasallam). Whoever
practices Mut'a even after knowing its prohibition, is committing Zina because
it is unlawful now.
Let's
have a look over the Hadiths as when and why Mut'a was allowed in early days of
Islam and Quranic references about lawful marriage.
MUT'A
WAS HALAL ONLY IN EARLY PERIODS OF ISLAM
- Narrated Abu Jamra: I heard Ibn Abbas (giving a
verdict) when he was asked about the mut'a with the women, and he
permitted it (Nikah-al-mut'a). On that a freed slave of his said to him,
"That is only when it is very badly needed and women are
scarce." On that, Ibn 'Abbas said, "Yes." Sahi Bukhari
(Book #62, Hadith #51)
Comments:
Mut'a was allowed only when it was very badly needed by men and they were out
of their homes for long periods and sex became uncontrollable for them and the
women were scarce. All conditions were fulfilled at the same time.
If
the above condition was not fulfilled then Mut'a was not justified even in that
period. For example if women are abundant then men should marry them
permanently. The permission of Mut'a is just like the permission of drinking
wine or eating swine's flesh because wine and pork are also allowed when there
is matter of life and death but only upto the extent which can save one's life,
as Allah does not like transgressors (breakers of rules).
- Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported: We were on an expedition
with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and we had no women
with us. We said: Should we not have ourselves castrated? He (Prophet
Mohammad) forbade us to do so He then granted us permission that we should
contract temporary marriage for a stipulated period giving her a garment,
and 'Abdullah then recited this verse: 'Those who believe do not make
unlawful the good things which Allah has made lawful for you, and do not
transgress. Allah does not like transgressors" (al-Qur'an, v. 87).
Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3243)
- Abu Dharr (Allah be pleased with him) said: Two are the
Mut'as which were not permissible but only for us, i.e. temporary marriage
with women and Tamattu' in Hajj. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2819)
Comments:
In the above Hadith, Hazrat Abu Dharr (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) is clearing the
permission of Mut'a that it was granted to certain group of Sahabah (RadiAllah
Taala Anhah) only. This order was not for everyone. This was because of the
reason mentioned above.
- Narrated 'Abdullah: Nafi narrated to me that 'Abdullah
said that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade the
Shighar. I asked Nafi', "What is the Shighar?" He said, "It
is to marry the daughter of a man and marry one's daughter to that man (at
the same time) without Mahr (in both cases); or to marry the sister of a
man and marry one's own sister to that man without Mahr." Some people
said, "If one, by a trick, marries on the basis of Shighar, the
marriage is valid but its condition is illegal." The same scholar
said regarding Al-mut'a, "The marriage is invalid and its condition
is illegal." Some others said, "The mut'a and the Shighar are
permissible but the condition is illegal." Sahi Bukhari (Book #86,
Hadith #90)
- Jabir b. 'Abdullah and Salama b. al-Akwa' said: There
came to us the proclaimer of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi
Wasallam) and said: Allah's Messenger (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) has
granted you permission to benefit yourselves, i.e. to contract temporary
marriage with women. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3246)
- Salama b. al. Akwa' and Jabir b. Abdullah reported:
Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) came to us and permitted us
to contract temporary marriage. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3247)
- Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: Prophet Mohammad
(SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said: If anyone gives as a dower to his wife
two handfuls of flour or dates he has made her lawful for him. Abu Dawud
said: This tradition has been narrated by AbdurRahman ibn Mahdi, from
Salih ibn Ruman, from AbuzZubayr on the authority of Jabir as his own
statement (not going back to the Prophet). It has also been transmitted by
AbuAsim from Salih ibn Ruman, from AbuzZubayr on the authority of Jabir
who said: During the lifetime of the Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho
Alaihi Wasallam) we used to contract temporary marriage for a handful of
grain. Abu Dawud (Book #11, Hadith #2105)
PROHIBITION
OF MUT'A OR WHEN MUT'A WAS MADE UNLAWFUL
- Sabra al-Juhanni reported on the authority of his
father that while he was with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi
Wasallam) he said: 0 people, I had permitted you to contract temporary
marriage with women, but Allah has forbidden it (now) until the Day of
Resurrection. So he who has any (woman with this type of marriage
contract) he should let her off, and do not take back anything you have
given to them (as dower). Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3255)
Comments:
Temporary marriage (Mut'a) was made forbidden until the Day of Resurrection
(Qayamah).
- Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah): On the
day of Khaibar, Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade the
Mut'a (i.e. temporary marriage) and the eating of donkey-meat. Sahi
Bukhari (Book #59, Hadith #527)
- Narrated 'Ali: I said to Ibn 'Abbas, "During the
battle of Khaibar Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade
(Nikah) Al-mut'a and the eating of donkey's meat." Sahi Bukhari (Book
#62, Hadith #50)
- 'Ali bin Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah) reported that
Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited on the Day of
Khaibar the contracting of temporary marriage with women and the eating of
the flesh of domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3263)
- Muhammad b. 'Ali narrated on the authority of his
father 'Ali that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) on the Day
of Khaibar prohibited for ever the contracting of temporary marriage and
eating of the flesh of the domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith
#3265)
- Malik narrated this Hadith on the authority of the same
chain of trans- witters that 'Ali bin Abil Talib said to a person: You are
a person led astray; Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade
us (to do mut'a), as is stated In the Hadith transmitted on the authority
of Yahya b. Malik. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3264)
- 'Ali (Allah be pleased with him) heard that Ibn Abbas
(Allah be pleased with them) gave some relaxation in connection with the
contracting of temporary marriage, whereupon he said: Don't be hasty (in
your religious verdict), Ibn 'Abbas, for Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho
Alaihi Wasallam) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for ever the doing of
it-And eating of the flesh of domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008,
Hadith #3266)
Comments:
The words of Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) should be noted that he said Mut'a
was prohibited forever by Prophet Mohammad (sallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam).
- Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah and Salama bin Al-Akwa':
While we were in an army, Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam)
came to us and said, "You have been allowed to do the mut'a
(marriage), so do it." Salama bin Al-Akwa' said: Allah's Apostle's
said, "If a man and a woman agree (to marry temporarily), their
marriage should last for three nights, and if they like to continue, they
can do so; and if they want to separate, they can do so." I do not
know whether that was only for us or for all the people in general. Abu
Abdullah (Al-Bukhari) said: 'Ali made it clear that the Prophet said,
"The mut'a marriage has been cancelled (made unlawful)." Sahi
Bukhari (Book #62, Hadith #52)
- Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that Khawla ibn Hakim came to Umar ibn al-Khattaab and
said, ''Rabia ibn Umayya made a temporary marriage with a woman and she is
pregnant by him.'' Umar ibn al-Khattaab went out in dismay dragging his
cloak, saying, "This temporary marriage, had I come across it, I
would have ordered stoning and done away with it!" Muwatta (Book #28,
Hadith #28.18.42)
- Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Abdullah and Hassan, the sons of Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib
(KaramAllah Wajhah) from their father, may Allah be pleased with him, that
the Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and grant him
peace, forbade temporary marriage with women and the flesh of domestic
donkeys on the Day of Khaybar. Muwatta (Book #28, Hadith #28.18.41)
- 'Urwa b. Zabair reported that 'Abdullah b. Zubair
(RadiAllah Taal Anhah) stood up (and delivered an address) in Makkah
saying: Allah has made blind the hearts of some people as He has deprived
them of eyesight that they give religious verdict in favour of temporary
marriage, while he was alluding to a person (Ibn 'Abbas). Ibn Abbas called
him and said: You are an uncouth person, devoid of sense. By my life,
mut'a was practised during the lifetime of the leader of the pious (he
meant Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam), and Ibn Zubair
said to him: just do it yourselves, and by Allah, if you do that I will
stone you with your stones. Ibn Shihab said. Khalid b. Muhajir b.
Saifullah informed me: While I was sitting in the company of a person, a
person came to him and he asked for a religious verdict about mut'a and he
permitted him to do it. Ibn Abu 'Amrah al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with
him) said to him: Be gentle. It was permitted in- the early days of Islam,
(for one) who was driven to it under the stress of necessity just as (the
eating of) carrion and the blood and flesh of swine and then Allah
intensified (the commands of) His religion and prohibited it (altogether).
Ibn Shihab reported: Rabi' b. Sabra told me that his father (Sabra) said:
I contracted temporary marriage with a woman of Banu 'Amir for two cloaks
during the lifetime of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam);
then he forbade us to do mut'a. Ibn Shihab said: I heard Rabi' b. Sabra
narrating it to Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz and I was sitting there. Sahi Muslim
(Book #008, Hadith #3261)
- Abd Nadra reported: While I was in the company of
Jibir, a person came and said: There is difference of opinion among Ibn
Abbas and Ibn Zubair about two mut'as (benefits, Tamattul in Hajj and
temporary marriage with women), whereupon Jibir said: We have been doing
this during the lifetime of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam),
and then 'Umar forbade us to do so, and we never resorted to them. Sahi
Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2874)
- Ghunaim b. Qais said: I asked Sa'd b. Abu Waqqas (Allah
be pleased with him) about mut'a, whereupon he said: We did that, and it
was the day when he was an unbeliever living in (one of the) houses of
Makkah. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2821)
Comments:
Mut'a was performed by a Sahabah when he did not accept Islam, when he was an
unbeliever.
- Narrated Saburah ibn Ma'bad al-Juhani: Prophet
Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited temporary marriage with
women. Abu Dawud (Book #11, Hadith #2068)
- Sabra Juhanni reported: Prophet Mohammad
(SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted temporary marriage for us. So I and
another person went out and saw a woman of Bana 'Amir, who was like a
young long-necked she-camel. We presented ourselves to her (for
contracting temporary marriage), whereupon she said: What dower would you
give me? I said: My cloak. And my companion also said: My cloak. And the
cloak of-my companion was superior to my cloak, but I was younger than he.
So when she looked at the cloak of my companion she liked it, and when she
cast a glance at me I looked more attractive to her. She then said: Well,
you and your cloak are sufficient for me. I remained with her for three
nights, and then Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said:
He who has any such woman with whom he had contracted temporary marriage,
he should let her off. Sahi Bukhari (Book #008, Hadith #3252)
- Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father
that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited the
contracting of temporary marriage. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3259)
- Rabi' b. Sabra reported that his father went on an
expedition with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) during the
Victory of Makkah, and we stayed there for fifteen days (i. e. for
thirteen full days and a day and a night), and Prophet Mohammad
(SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted us to contract temporary marriage
with women. So I and another person of my tribe went out, and I was more
handsome than he, whereas he was almost ugly. Each one of us had a cloaks,
My cloak was worn out, whereas the cloak of my cousin was quite new. As we
reached the lower or the upper side of Makkah, we came across a young
woman like a young smart long-necked she-camel. We said: Is it possible
that one of us may contract temporary marriage with you? She said: What
will you give me as a dower? Each one of us spread his cloak. She began to
cast a glance on both the persons. My companion also looked at her when
she was casting a glance at her side and he said: This cloak of his is
worn out, whereas my cloak is quite new. She, however, said twice or
thrice: There is no harm in (accepting) this cloak (the old one). So I
contracted temporary marriage with her, and I did not come out (of this)
until Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) declared it forbidden.
Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3253)
- 'Abd al-Malik b. Rabi' b. Sabraal-Juhanni reported on
the authority of his father who narrated it on the authority of his father
(i e. 'Abd al-Malik's grandfather, Sabura al-juhanni): Prophet Mohammad
(SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted us to contract temporary marriage
in the Year of Victory, as we entered Mecce, and we did come out of it but
he forbade us to do it. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3257)
- Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father
that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade on the Day of
Victory to contract temporary marriage with women. This Hadith has been
narrated on the authority of Rabi' b. Sabra that Prophet Mohammad
(SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade to contract temporary marriage with
women at the time of Victory, and that his father had contracted the
marriage for two red cloaks. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3260)
- Iyas b. Salama reported on the authority of his father
that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) gave sanction for
contracting temporary marriage for three nights in the year of Autas 1847
and then forbade it. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3251)
THE
OFFER & ACCEPTANCE OF NIKAH SHOULD BE OF PERMANENT NATURE AND NOT TEMPORARY
All forms of temporary
marriages are forbidden in Islam. If anything stated in the offer and acceptance
of Nikah indicates a temporary nature, the marriage is not valid.
Allah
has commanded us to do lawful and honorable marriage. If Mut'a would be lawful
and honorable then Allah Almighty would never use the words 'honorable
marrying'. If every marriage would be lawful then Allah would simple say
'marriage'. The reason of commanding us for lawful marriage is to differ lawful
marriage from unlawful marriage i.e. Mut'a. Permanent marriage is one of the
Sunnahs of Prophet Mohammad (SalAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) like other of his
Sunnahs. Other Sunnahs and worships are never distinguished for being lawful or
unlawful but because temporary marriage (Mut'a) was made unlawful later, that
is why it was differed from lawful and honorable marriage.
Quran:
- And his people came rushing towards him, and since
aforetime they used to commit crimes (sodomy, etc.), he said: "O my
people! Here are my daughters (i.e. the daughters of my nation), they are
purer for you (if you marry them lawfully). So fear Allah and degrade me
not as regards my guests! Is there not among you a single right-minded
man?" (Chapter #11, Verse #78)
- There is no blame on you if ye make an offer of
betrothal or hold it in your hearts. Allah knows that ye cherish them in
your hearts: But do not make a secret contract with them except in terms
Honorable, nor resolve on the tie of marriage till the term prescribed is
fulfilled. And know that Allah Knoweth what is in your hearts, and take
heed of Him; and know that Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Forbearing.
(Chapter #2, Verse #235)
- And those of you who die and leave behind wives should
bequeath for their wives a years maintenance and residence without turning
them out, but if they (wives) leave, there is no sin on you for that which
they do of themselves, provided it is honorable (e.g. lawful marriage).
And Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise. (The order of this Verse has been
cancelled (abrogated) by Verse 4:12). (Chapter #2, Verse #240)
- Let those who find not the wherewithal for marriage
keep themselves chaste, until Allah gives them means out of His grace. And
if any of your slaves ask for a deed in writing (to enable them to earn
their freedom for a certain sum), give them such a deed if ye know any
good in them: yea, give them something yourselves out of the means which
Allah has given to you. But force not your maids to prostitution when they
desire chastity, in order that ye may make a gain in the goods of this
life. But if anyone compels them, yet, after such compulsion, is Allah,
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful (to them), (Chapter #24, Verse #33)
HADITH
REJECTORS:
There
is a vast community of people who are Hadith rejecters. They claim to be
Muslims but actually they are not. They are Hypocrites who find their
convenience and luxury before the commands of Allah. Whoever will reject the
saying of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) will go to Hell. Quran
orders all of us to believe in the sayings of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho
Alaihi Wasallam).
- Quran
So take what the
Messenger assigns to you, and deny yourselves that which he withholds from
you. And fear Allah. for Allah is strict in Punishment. (Chapter
#59, Verse #7)
- O ye who believe! When ye hold secret counsel, do it
not for iniquity and hostility, and disobedience to the prophet; but do it
for righteousness and self- restraint; and fear Allah, to Whom ye shall be
brought back. (Chapter #58, Verse #9)
Quran
directs us to act upon what Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) has told
us to do and refrain from what he stops us. We must obey him. Quran has given
the tidings of punishment for those who disobey the Prophet.
One
should be ready for the Hell fire if he/she thinks that the closest companions
(Sahabah-e-Karaam) of the Prophet have told a lie for the sayings of Prophet
Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam)? You and I are common Muslims much
worried about Hell and Heaven that is why many brothers and sisters asked me to
write about Mut'a because no one wants to get involved in a Haram thing. Then
how can you imagine that Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) told a lie
for the Prophet.
- Narrated 'Ali: The Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho
Alaihi Wasallam) said, "Do not tell a lie against me for whoever
tells a lie against me (intentionally) then he will surely enter the
hell-fire." Sahi Bukhari (Book #3, Hadith #106)
The
above Hadith is narrated By Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah), do you think
Ahl-e-Bayt have lied for Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam)? If you
think like this then be prepared for burning in blazing fire of Hell.
SHIA
SECT OF MUSLIMS PRACTISE MUT'A AND CURSE SAHABAH-E-KARAM (RadiAllah Taala
Anhah)
I am not going in
unrelated discussions of Shia and Sunni but I will emphasize the readers to
note that Shia community curse Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah)
especially Hazrat Umar (RadiAllah Taala Anhah), Hazrat Abu Bakr (RadiAllah
Taala Anhah) and Hazrat Usman (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) but they forget that
Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) had 3 sons naming in the names of Abu Bakr, Umer
& Usman. No one keeps the names of one's children in the names of enemies.
HAZRAT
ALI (KaramAllah Wajhah) & HAZRAT UMER (RadiAllah Taala Anhah):
There is a very
noticeable point which should be noted in the above Hadiths, about the
narrators of prohibition of Mut'a. Most of the Hadiths have been narrated by
Hazrat Ali bin Abi Talib (Karam Allah Wajhah) and a few have been indirectly
narrated by Hazrat Umer (RadiAllah Taala Anhah). It is now your conscience that
you believe it or not. It is the duty of every Muslim not to conceal the truth.
Mut'a
and eating donkey's meat were prohibited since the first Day of the battle of
Khaibar till forever. Most of the Hadiths regarding the prohibition of Mut'a
are narrated by Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) and many Hadiths have been
narrated by other trustworthy Sahabah (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) that is why all
of these Hadiths are considered to be strong.
ADVICE
FOR THOSE WHO ARE ENGAGED IN MUT'A
If any person badly
needs a woman, then he should marry her in an honorable way stated in Shariah.
It is not necessary that you incur useless and too many expenses on celebration
of your wedding but you can perform Nikah in the presence of 2 non-discredited
witnesses ans set Mehr which is easily payable by you.
I
sent articles about the consent of woman and his family. A virgin woman must
seek the consent of her guardian (wali), though a matron may marry without the
permission of her guardian (wali). Matron is a lady who has been married once
and now she is either widow or divorcee; her second marriage is possible
without the consent of her guardian (wali).
It
has become a tradition to spent millions of money and too much wealth on
wedding. But if you seek guidance in the light of Shriah and if you badly need
a life partner then perform Nikah with simplicity but Nikah is must with the
intention of permanent marriage.
Poverty
should not become the hurdle to get married. Allah encourages the Muslims to
marry even if they are poor, as He has promised that he will shower His Grace
and shall provide the means of living to them.
- Quran
Marry those among
you who are single, or the virtuous ones among yourselves, male or female:
if they are in poverty, Allah will give them means out of His grace: for
Allah encompasseth all, and he knoweth all things. (Chapter #24,
Verse #32)
Those
people who cannot marry because of any reason, they should fast to keep their
chaste because fasting reduces sexual desires but should not commit Zina
(Mut'a).
- Narrated 'Alqama: While I was walking with 'Abdullah he
said, "We were in the company of the Prophet and he said, 'He who can
afford to marry should marry, because it will help him refrain from
looking at other women, and save his private parts from looking at other
women, and save his private parts from committing illegal sexual relation;
and he who cannot afford to marry is advised to fast, as fasting will
diminish his sexual power." (Book #31, Hadith #129)
CONCLUSION:
Temporary marriage,
Mut'a or any other name may it be, is Haram till the Day of Resurrection.
.............................................
Content of this release was reviewed
by a Muslim woman
scholar who is part of the WUNRN
List.
______________________________________________________
Nikāḥu’l-Mut‘ah (Arabic:
نكاح المتعة, also Nikah Mut‘ah literally, marriage[1] for pleasure[2]),
or sigheh, is a time-delimited marriage
contract according to the Usuli Shia
schools of Shari‘a (Islamic
law).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadiths_related_to_Mut%27ah
Hadiths
- Regarding the Legality of Nikah Mut'ah
There are
several recorded oral traditions (Arabic: Hadith) from Muhammad used
either to prove or to disprove the legality of Nikah
Mut'ah, an Islamic marriage form. This article lists those hadith and
provides the classical and modern Shi'a and Sunni interpretation provided by Islamic scholars using the Science
of hadith on each of those hadith. For a more general disscusion regarding
the present day legality of Nikah Mut'ah, see Muslim controversies
related to Nikah Mut'ah.
The present
validity of Nikah Mut'ah is a heavily controversial issue among
Shi'a and Sunnis. While Sunni scholars are prone to view that the hadith
literature support the notion that Nikah Mut'ah is presently illegal, Shi'a
scholars are prone to arrive to the opposite conclusion. This is a list of the
most prominent of those hadith, and the views of the scholars of those
individual hadith.
The Islamic
term Mut'ah
(lit. "joy") have several connotations:
Those two
terms should not be confused with each other, as they are separate things and
the Islamic Term "Mut'ah" can denote one or both of the Islamic Term
Mut'ah of Hajj and the Islamic Term Nikah Mut'ah.
Umar ibn al-Khattab ruled the Muslim community
between 634 to 644. While Shi'a view him
as an unprincipaled usurper, Sunni view him as a Rightly Guided
Caliph. As narrated in the Hadith of Umar's speech of
forbidding Mut'ah, Umar banned "Mut'ah" during his time as Caliph.
While Shi'a
are prone to interpret that Umar was the first one to historically ban Nikah
Mut'ah and Mut'ah of Hajj, Sunnis view that Nikah Mut'ah had already
been abrogated by Muhammad, and Umar was merely re-enforcing Muhammad's
practice, as well as ban Mut'ah of Hajj.