WUNRN
Whereas recognition of the
inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the
human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
Whereas disregard and contempt
for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the
conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall
enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been
proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,
Whereas it is essential, if man
is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against
tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of
law,
Whereas it is essential to
promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
Whereas the peoples of the United
Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights,
in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and
women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of
life in larger freedom,
Whereas Member States have
pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations, the
promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and
fundamental freedoms,
Whereas a common understanding of
these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full
realization of this pledge,
Now, therefore,
The General Assembly,
Proclaims this Universal
Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples
and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society,
keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and
education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive
measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective
recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves
and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
All human beings are born free
and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience
and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Everyone is entitled to all the
rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any
kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other
opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
Furthermore, no distinction shall
be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status
of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be
independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of
sovereignty.
Everyone has the right to life,
liberty and security of person.
No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their
forms.
No one shall be subjected to
torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Everyone has the right to
recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
All are equal before the law and
are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are
entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this
Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.
Everyone has the right to an
effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the
fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
No one shall be subjected to
arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
Everyone is entitled in full
equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal,
in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge
against him.
No one shall be subjected to
arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to
attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the
protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
Everyone has the right to freedom
of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his
religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and
in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice,
worship and observance.
Everyone has the right to freedom
of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without
interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any
media and regardless of frontiers.
Everyone, as a member of society,
has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through
national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the
organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural
rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his
personality.
Everyone has the right to rest
and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic
holidays with pay.
Everyone is entitled to a social
and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this
Declaration can be fully realized.
Nothing in this Declaration may
be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage
in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the
rights and freedoms set forth herein.
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