"Pleasure/Temporary Marriages"

TEMPORARY MARRIAGE (MUT'A) IS PROHIBITED IN ISLAM
Author: Syeda Muneeba Masood

MUT'A: A temporary marriage. This was permitted in the early period of Islamic history, when the first Muslims were away from their homes for extensive periods of time; but was abrogated by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) himself, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at Khaibar as is related by Ali ibn Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah). [Sahi Muslim and Sahi Bukhari].

There are various Hadiths in which Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) have narrated that Mut'a (temporary marriage) was allowed in early period of Islam but later it was completely forbidden and made unlawful forever till the Day of Resurrection (Qayamah) by Prophet Mohammad (SalAllaho Alaihi Wasallam). Whoever practices Mut'a even after knowing its prohibition, is committing Zina because it is unlawful now.

Let's have a look over the Hadiths as when and why Mut'a was allowed in early days of Islam and Quranic references about lawful marriage.

MUT'A WAS HALAL ONLY IN EARLY PERIODS OF ISLAM

Narrated Abu Jamra: I heard Ibn Abbas (giving a verdict) when he was asked about the mut'a with the women, and he permitted it (Nikah-al-mut'a). On that a freed slave of his said to him, "That is only when it is very badly needed and women are scarce." On that, Ibn 'Abbas said, "Yes." Sahi Bukhari (Book #62, Hadith #51)

Comments: Mut'a was allowed only when it was very badly needed by men and they were out of their homes for long periods and sex became uncontrollable for them and the women were scarce. All conditions were fulfilled at the same time.

If the above condition was not fulfilled then Mut'a was not justified even in that period. For example if women are abundant then men should marry them permanently. The permission of Mut'a is just like the permission of drinking wine or eating swine's flesh because wine and pork are also allowed when there is matter of life and death but only upto the extent which can save one's life, as Allah does not like transgressors (breakers of rules).

Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported: We were on an expedition with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and we had no women with us. We said: Should we not have ourselves castrated? He (Prophet Mohammad) forbade us to do so He then granted us permission that we should contract temporary marriage for a stipulated period giving her a garment, and 'Abdullah then recited this verse: 'Those who believe do not make unlawful the good things which Allah has made lawful for you, and do not transgress. Allah does not like transgressors" (al-Qur'an, v. 87). Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3243)

Abu Dharr (Allah be pleased with him) said: Two are the Mut'as which were not permissible but only for us, i.e. temporary marriage with women and Tamattu' in Hajj. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2819)

Comments: In the above Hadith, Hazrat Abu Dharr (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) is clearing the permission of Mut'a that it was granted to certain group of Sahabah (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) only. This order was not for everyone. This was because of the reason mentioned above.

Narrated 'Abdullah: Nafi narrated to me that 'Abdullah said that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade the Shighar. I asked Nafi', "What is the Shighar?" He said, "It is to marry the daughter of a man and marry one's daughter to that man (at the same time) without Mahr (in both cases); or to marry the sister of a man and marry one's own sister to that man without Mahr." Some people said, "If one, by a trick, marries on the basis of Shighar, the marriage is valid but its condition is illegal." The same scholar said regarding Al-mut'a, "The marriage is invalid and its condition is illegal." Some others said, "The mut'a and the Shighar are permissible but the condition is illegal." Sahi Bukhari (Book #86, Hadith #90)

Jabir b. 'Abdullah and Salama b. al-Akwa' said: There came to us the proclaimer of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and said: Allah's Messenger (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) has granted you permission to benefit yourselves, i.e. to contract temporary marriage with women. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3246)

Salama b. al. Akwa' and Jabir b. Abdullah reported: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) came to us and permitted us to contract temporary marriage. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3247)

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said: If anyone gives as a dower to his wife two handfuls of flour or dates he has made her lawful for him. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by AbdurRahman ibn Mahdi, from Salih ibn Ruman, from AbuzZubayr on the authority of Jabir as his own statement (not going back to the Prophet). It has also been transmitted by AbuAsim from Salih ibn Ruman, from AbuzZubayr on the authority of Jabir who said: During the lifetime of the Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) we used to contract temporary marriage for a handful of grain. Abu Dawud (Book #11, Hadith #2105)

PROHIBITION OF MUT'A OR WHEN MUT'A WAS MADE UNLAWFUL

Sabra al-Juhanni reported on the authority of his father that while he was with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) he said: 0 people, I had permitted you to contract temporary marriage with women, but Allah has forbidden it (now) until the Day of Resurrection. So he who has any (woman with this type of marriage contract) he should let her off, and do not take back anything you have given to them (as dower). Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3255)

Comments: Temporary marriage (Mut'a) was made forbidden until the Day of Resurrection (Qayamah).

Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah): On the day of Khaibar, Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade the Mut'a (i.e. temporary marriage) and the eating of donkey-meat. Sahi Bukhari (Book #59, Hadith #527)

Narrated 'Ali: I said to Ibn 'Abbas, "During the battle of Khaibar Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade (Nikah) Al-mut'a and the eating of donkey's meat." Sahi Bukhari (Book #62, Hadith #50)

'Ali bin Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah) reported that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited on the Day of Khaibar the contracting of temporary marriage with women and the eating of the flesh of domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3263)

Muhammad b. 'Ali narrated on the authority of his father 'Ali that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for ever the contracting of temporary marriage and eating of the flesh of the domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3265)

Malik narrated this Hadith on the authority of the same chain of trans- witters that 'Ali bin Abil Talib said to a person: You are a person led astray; Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade us (to do mut'a), as is stated In the Hadith transmitted on the authority of Yahya b. Malik. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3264)

'Ali (Allah be pleased with him) heard that Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) gave some relaxation in connection with the contracting of temporary marriage, whereupon he said: Don't be hasty (in your religious verdict), Ibn 'Abbas, for Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for ever the doing of it-And eating of the flesh of domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3266)

Comments: The words of Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) should be noted that he said Mut'a was prohibited forever by Prophet Mohammad (sallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam).

Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah and Salama bin Al-Akwa': While we were in an army, Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) came to us and said, "You have been allowed to do the mut'a (marriage), so do it." Salama bin Al-Akwa' said: Allah's Apostle's said, "If a man and a woman agree (to marry temporarily), their marriage should last for three nights, and if they like to continue, they can do so; and if they want to separate, they can do so." I do not know whether that was only for us or for all the people in general. Abu Abdullah (Al-Bukhari) said: 'Ali made it clear that the Prophet said, "The mut'a marriage has been cancelled (made unlawful)." Sahi Bukhari (Book #62, Hadith #52)

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that Khawla ibn Hakim came to Umar ibn al-Khattaab and said, ''Rabia ibn Umayya made a temporary marriage with a woman and she is pregnant by him.'' Umar ibn al-Khattaab went out in dismay dragging his cloak, saying, "This temporary marriage, had I come across it, I would have ordered stoning and done away with it!" Muwatta (Book #28, Hadith #28.18.42)

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Abdullah and Hassan, the sons of Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah) from their father, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and grant him peace, forbade temporary marriage with women and the flesh of domestic donkeys on the Day of Khaybar. Muwatta (Book #28, Hadith #28.18.41)

'Urwa b. Zabair reported that 'Abdullah b. Zubair (RadiAllah Taal Anhah) stood up (and delivered an address) in Makkah saying: Allah has made blind the hearts of some people as He has deprived them of eyesight that they give religious verdict in favour of temporary marriage, while he was alluding to a person (Ibn 'Abbas). Ibn Abbas called him and said: You are an uncouth person, devoid of sense. By my life, mut'a was practised during the lifetime of the leader of the pious (he meant Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam), and Ibn Zubair said to him: just do it yourselves, and by Allah, if you do that I will stone you with your stones. Ibn Shihab said. Khalid b. Muhajir b. Saifullah informed me: While I was sitting in the company of a person, a person came to him and he asked for a religious verdict about mut'a and he permitted him to do it. Ibn Abu 'Amrah al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Be gentle. It was permitted in- the early days of Islam, (for one) who was driven to it under the stress of necessity just as (the eating of) carrion and the blood and flesh of swine and then Allah intensified (the commands of) His religion and prohibited it (altogether). Ibn Shihab reported: Rabi' b. Sabra told me that his father (Sabra) said: I contracted temporary marriage with a woman of Banu 'Amir for two cloaks during the lifetime of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam); then he forbade us to do mut'a. Ibn Shihab said: I heard Rabi' b. Sabra narrating it to Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz and I was sitting there. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3261)

Abd Nadra reported: While I was in the company of Jibir, a person came and said: There is difference of opinion among Ibn Abbas and Ibn Zubair about two mut'as (benefits, Tamattul in Hajj and temporary marriage with women), whereupon Jibir said: We have been doing this during the lifetime of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam), and then 'Umar forbade us to do so, and we never resorted to them. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2874)

Ghunaim b. Qais said: I asked Sa'd b. Abu Waqqas (Allah be pleased with him) about mut'a, whereupon he said: We did that, and it was the day when he was an unbeliever living in (one of the) houses of Makkah. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2821)

Comments: Mut'a was performed by a Sahabah when he did not accept Islam, when he was an unbeliever.

Narrated Saburah ibn Ma'bad al-Juhani: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited temporary marriage with women. Abu Dawud (Book #11, Hadith #2068)

Sabra Juhanni reported: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted temporary marriage for us. So I and another person went out and saw a woman of Bana 'Amir, who was like a young long-necked she-camel. We presented ourselves to her (for contracting temporary marriage), whereupon she said: What dower would you give me? I said: My cloak. And my companion also said: My cloak. And the cloak of-my companion was superior to my cloak, but I was younger than he. So when she looked at the cloak of my companion she liked it, and when she cast a glance at me I looked more attractive to her. She then said: Well, you and your cloak are sufficient for me. I remained with her for three nights, and then Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said: He who has any such woman with whom he had contracted temporary marriage, he should let her off. Sahi Bukhari (Book #008, Hadith #3252)

Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited the contracting of temporary marriage. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3259)

Rabi' b. Sabra reported that his father went on an expedition with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) during the Victory of Makkah, and we stayed there for fifteen days (i. e. for thirteen full days and a day and a night), and Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted us to contract temporary marriage with women. So I and another person of my tribe went out, and I was more handsome than he, whereas he was almost ugly. Each one of us had a cloaks, My cloak was worn out, whereas the cloak of my cousin was quite new. As we reached the lower or the upper side of Makkah, we came across a young woman like a young smart long-necked she-camel. We said: Is it possible that one of us may contract temporary marriage with you? She said: What will you give me as a dower? Each one of us spread his cloak. She began to cast a glance on both the persons. My companion also looked at her when she was casting a glance at her side and he said: This cloak of his is worn out, whereas my cloak is quite new. She, however, said twice or thrice: There is no harm in (accepting) this cloak (the old one). So I contracted temporary marriage with her, and I did not come out (of this) until Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) declared it forbidden. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3253)

'Abd al-Malik b. Rabi' b. Sabraal-Juhanni reported on the authority of his father who narrated it on the authority of his father (i e. 'Abd al-Malik's grandfather, Sabura al-juhanni): Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted us to contract temporary marriage in the Year of Victory, as we entered Mecce, and we did come out of it but he forbade us to do it. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3257)

Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade on the Day of Victory to contract temporary marriage with women. This Hadith has been narrated on the authority of Rabi' b. Sabra that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade to contract temporary marriage with women at the time of Victory, and that his father had contracted the marriage for two red cloaks. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3260)

Iyas b. Salama reported on the authority of his father that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) gave sanction for contracting temporary marriage for three nights in the year of Autas 1847 and then forbade it. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3251)

THE OFFER & ACCEPTANCE OF NIKAH SHOULD BE OF PERMANENT NATURE AND NOT TEMPORARY

All forms of temporary marriages are forbidden in Islam. If anything stated in the offer and acceptance of Nikah indicates a temporary nature, the marriage is not valid.

Allah has commanded us to do lawful and honorable marriage. If Mut'a would be lawful and honorable then Allah Almighty would never use the words 'honorable marrying'. If every marriage would be lawful then Allah would simple say 'marriage'. The reason of commanding us for lawful marriage is to differ lawful marriage from unlawful marriage i.e. Mut'a. Permanent marriage is one of the Sunnahs of Prophet Mohammad (SalAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) like other of his Sunnahs. Other Sunnahs and worships are never distinguished for being lawful or unlawful but because temporary marriage (Mut'a) was made unlawful later, that is why it was differed from lawful and honorable marriage.

Quran:

And his people came rushing towards him, and since aforetime they used to commit crimes (sodomy, etc.), he said: "O my people! Here are my daughters (i.e. the daughters of my nation), they are purer for you (if you marry them lawfully). So fear Allah and degrade me not as regards my guests! Is there not among you a single right-minded man?" (Chapter #11, Verse #78)

There is no blame on you if ye make an offer of betrothal or hold it in your hearts. Allah knows that ye cherish them in your hearts: But do not make a secret contract with them except in terms Honorable, nor resolve on the tie of marriage till the term prescribed is fulfilled. And know that Allah Knoweth what is in your hearts, and take heed of Him; and know that Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Forbearing. (Chapter #2, Verse #235)

And those of you who die and leave behind wives should bequeath for their wives a years maintenance and residence without turning them out, but if they (wives) leave, there is no sin on you for that which they do of themselves, provided it is honorable (e.g. lawful marriage). And Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise. (The order of this Verse has been cancelled (abrogated) by Verse 4:12). (Chapter #2, Verse #240)

Let those who find not the wherewithal for marriage keep themselves chaste, until Allah gives them means out of His grace. And if any of your slaves ask for a deed in writing (to enable them to earn their freedom for a certain sum), give them such a deed if ye know any good in them: yea, give them something yourselves out of the means which Allah has given to you. But force not your maids to prostitution when they desire chastity, in order that ye may make a gain in the goods of this life. But if anyone compels them, yet, after such compulsion, is Allah, Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful (to them), (Chapter #24, Verse #33)

HADITH REJECTORS:

There is a vast community of people who are Hadith rejecters. They claim to be Muslims but actually they are not. They are Hypocrites who find their convenience and luxury before the commands of Allah. Whoever will reject the saying of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) will go to Hell. Quran orders all of us to believe in the sayings of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam).

Quran
So take what the Messenger assigns to you, and deny yourselves that which he withholds from you. And fear Allah. for Allah is strict in Punishment. (Chapter #59, Verse #7)

O ye who believe! When ye hold secret counsel, do it not for iniquity and hostility, and disobedience to the prophet; but do it for righteousness and self- restraint; and fear Allah, to Whom ye shall be brought back. (Chapter #58, Verse #9)

Quran directs us to act upon what Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) has told us to do and refrain from what he stops us. We must obey him. Quran has given the tidings of punishment for those who disobey the Prophet.

One should be ready for the Hell fire if he/she thinks that the closest companions (Sahabah-e-Karaam) of the Prophet have told a lie for the sayings of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam)? You and I are common Muslims much worried about Hell and Heaven that is why many brothers and sisters asked me to write about Mut'a because no one wants to get involved in a Haram thing. Then how can you imagine that Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) told a lie for the Prophet.

Narrated 'Ali: The Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said, "Do not tell a lie against me for whoever tells a lie against me (intentionally) then he will surely enter the hell-fire." Sahi Bukhari (Book #3, Hadith #106)

The above Hadith is narrated By Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah), do you think Ahl-e-Bayt have lied for Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam)? If you think like this then be prepared for burning in blazing fire of Hell.

SHIA SECT OF MUSLIMS PRACTISE MUT'A AND CURSE SAHABAH-E-KARAM (RadiAllah Taala Anhah)

I am not going in unrelated discussions of Shia and Sunni but I will emphasize the readers to note that Shia community curse Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) especially Hazrat Umar (RadiAllah Taala Anhah), Hazrat Abu Bakr (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) and Hazrat Usman (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) but they forget that Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) had 3 sons naming in the names of Abu Bakr, Umer & Usman. No one keeps the names of one's children in the names of enemies.

HAZRAT ALI (KaramAllah Wajhah) & HAZRAT UMER (RadiAllah Taala Anhah):

There is a very noticeable point which should be noted in the above Hadiths, about the narrators of prohibition of Mut'a. Most of the Hadiths have been narrated by Hazrat Ali bin Abi Talib (Karam Allah Wajhah) and a few have been indirectly narrated by Hazrat Umer (RadiAllah Taala Anhah). It is now your conscience that you believe it or not. It is the duty of every Muslim not to conceal the truth.

Mut'a and eating donkey's meat were prohibited since the first Day of the battle of Khaibar till forever. Most of the Hadiths regarding the prohibition of Mut'a are narrated by Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) and many Hadiths have been narrated by other trustworthy Sahabah (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) that is why all of these Hadiths are considered to be strong.

ADVICE FOR THOSE WHO ARE ENGAGED IN MUT'A

If any person badly needs a woman, then he should marry her in an honorable way stated in Shariah. It is not necessary that you incur useless and too many expenses on celebration of your wedding but you can perform Nikah in the presence of 2 non-discredited witnesses ans set Mehr which is easily payable by you.

I sent articles about the consent of woman and his family. A virgin woman must seek the consent of her guardian (wali), though a matron may marry without the permission of her guardian (wali). Matron is a lady who has been married once and now she is either widow or divorcee; her second marriage is possible without the consent of her guardian (wali).

It has become a tradition to spent millions of money and too much wealth on wedding. But if you seek guidance in the light of Shriah and if you badly need a life partner then perform Nikah with simplicity but Nikah is must with the intention of permanent marriage.

Poverty should not become the hurdle to get married. Allah encourages the Muslims to marry even if they are poor, as He has promised that he will shower His Grace and shall provide the means of living to them.

Quran
Marry those among you who are single, or the virtuous ones among yourselves, male or female: if they are in poverty, Allah will give them means out of His grace: for Allah encompasseth all, and he knoweth all things. (Chapter #24, Verse #32)

Those people who cannot marry because of any reason, they should fast to keep their chaste because fasting reduces sexual desires but should not commit Zina (Mut'a).

Narrated 'Alqama: While I was walking with 'Abdullah he said, "We were in the company of the Prophet and he said, 'He who can afford to marry should marry, because it will help him refrain from looking at other women, and save his private parts from looking at other women, and save his private parts from committing illegal sexual relation; and he who cannot afford to marry is advised to fast, as fasting will diminish his sexual power." (Book #31, Hadith #129)

CONCLUSION:
Temporary marriage, Mut'a or any other name may it be, is Haram till the Day of Resurrection.

Author: Syeda Muneeba Masood

MUT'A: A temporary marriage. This was permitted in the early period of Islamic history, when the first Muslims were away from their homes for extensive periods of time; but was abrogated by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) himself, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at Khaibar as is related by Ali ibn Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah). [Sahi Muslim and Sahi Bukhari].

Let's have a look over the Hadiths as when and why Mut'a was allowed in early days of Islam and Quranic references about lawful marriage.

MUT'A WAS HALAL ONLY IN EARLY PERIODS OF ISLAM

Narrated Abu Jamra: I heard Ibn Abbas (giving a verdict) when he was asked about the mut'a with the women, and he permitted it (Nikah-al-mut'a). On that a freed slave of his said to him, "That is only when it is very badly needed and women are scarce." On that, Ibn 'Abbas said, "Yes." Sahi Bukhari (Book #62, Hadith #51)

Comments: Mut'a was allowed only when it was very badly needed by men and they were out of their homes for long periods and sex became uncontrollable for them and the women were scarce. All conditions were fulfilled at the same time.

If the above condition was not fulfilled then Mut'a was not justified even in that period. For example if women are abundant then men should marry them permanently. The permission of Mut'a is just like the permission of drinking wine or eating swine's flesh because wine and pork are also allowed when there is matter of life and death but only upto the extent which can save one's life, as Allah does not like transgressors (breakers of rules).

Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported: We were on an expedition with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and we had no women with us. We said: Should we not have ourselves castrated? He (Prophet Mohammad) forbade us to do so He then granted us permission that we should contract temporary marriage for a stipulated period giving her a garment, and 'Abdullah then recited this verse: 'Those who believe do not make unlawful the good things which Allah has made lawful for you, and do not transgress. Allah does not like transgressors" (al-Qur'an, v. 87). Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3243)
Abu Dharr (Allah be pleased with him) said: Two are the Mut'as which were not permissible but only for us, i.e. temporary marriage with women and Tamattu' in Hajj. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2819)

Comments: In the above Hadith, Hazrat Abu Dharr (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) is clearing the permission of Mut'a that it was granted to certain group of Sahabah (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) only. This order was not for everyone. This was because of the reason mentioned above.

Narrated 'Abdullah: Nafi narrated to me that 'Abdullah said that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade the Shighar. I asked Nafi', "What is the Shighar?" He said, "It is to marry the daughter of a man and marry one's daughter to that man (at the same time) without Mahr (in both cases); or to marry the sister of a man and marry one's own sister to that man without Mahr." Some people said, "If one, by a trick, marries on the basis of Shighar, the marriage is valid but its condition is illegal." The same scholar said regarding Al-mut'a, "The marriage is invalid and its condition is illegal." Some others said, "The mut'a and the Shighar are permissible but the condition is illegal." Sahi Bukhari (Book #86, Hadith #90)
Jabir b. 'Abdullah and Salama b. al-Akwa' said: There came to us the proclaimer of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and said: Allah's Messenger (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) has granted you permission to benefit yourselves, i.e. to contract temporary marriage with women. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3246)
Salama b. al. Akwa' and Jabir b. Abdullah reported: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) came to us and permitted us to contract temporary marriage. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3247)
Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said: If anyone gives as a dower to his wife two handfuls of flour or dates he has made her lawful for him. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by AbdurRahman ibn Mahdi, from Salih ibn Ruman, from AbuzZubayr on the authority of Jabir as his own statement (not going back to the Prophet). It has also been transmitted by AbuAsim from Salih ibn Ruman, from AbuzZubayr on the authority of Jabir who said: During the lifetime of the Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) we used to contract temporary marriage for a handful of grain. Abu Dawud (Book #11, Hadith #2105)

PROHIBITION OF MUT'A OR WHEN MUT'A WAS MADE UNLAWFUL

Sabra al-Juhanni reported on the authority of his father that while he was with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) he said: 0 people, I had permitted you to contract temporary marriage with women, but Allah has forbidden it (now) until the Day of Resurrection. So he who has any (woman with this type of marriage contract) he should let her off, and do not take back anything you have given to them (as dower). Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3255)

Comments: Temporary marriage (Mut'a) was made forbidden until the Day of Resurrection (Qayamah).

Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah): On the day of Khaibar, Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade the Mut'a (i.e. temporary marriage) and the eating of donkey-meat. Sahi Bukhari (Book #59, Hadith #527)
Narrated 'Ali: I said to Ibn 'Abbas, "During the battle of Khaibar Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade (Nikah) Al-mut'a and the eating of donkey's meat." Sahi Bukhari (Book #62, Hadith #50)
'Ali bin Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah) reported that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited on the Day of Khaibar the contracting of temporary marriage with women and the eating of the flesh of domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3263)
Muhammad b. 'Ali narrated on the authority of his father 'Ali that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for ever the contracting of temporary marriage and eating of the flesh of the domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3265)
Malik narrated this Hadith on the authority of the same chain of trans- witters that 'Ali bin Abil Talib said to a person: You are a person led astray; Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade us (to do mut'a), as is stated In the Hadith transmitted on the authority of Yahya b. Malik. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3264)
'Ali (Allah be pleased with him) heard that Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) gave some relaxation in connection with the contracting of temporary marriage, whereupon he said: Don't be hasty (in your religious verdict), Ibn 'Abbas, for Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for ever the doing of it-And eating of the flesh of domestic asses. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3266)

Comments: The words of Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) should be noted that he said Mut'a was prohibited forever by Prophet Mohammad (sallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam).

Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah and Salama bin Al-Akwa': While we were in an army, Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) came to us and said, "You have been allowed to do the mut'a (marriage), so do it." Salama bin Al-Akwa' said: Allah's Apostle's said, "If a man and a woman agree (to marry temporarily), their marriage should last for three nights, and if they like to continue, they can do so; and if they want to separate, they can do so." I do not know whether that was only for us or for all the people in general. Abu Abdullah (Al-Bukhari) said: 'Ali made it clear that the Prophet said, "The mut'a marriage has been cancelled (made unlawful)." Sahi Bukhari (Book #62, Hadith #52)
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that Khawla ibn Hakim came to Umar ibn al-Khattaab and said, ''Rabia ibn Umayya made a temporary marriage with a woman and she is pregnant by him.'' Umar ibn al-Khattaab went out in dismay dragging his cloak, saying, "This temporary marriage, had I come across it, I would have ordered stoning and done away with it!" Muwatta (Book #28, Hadith #28.18.42)
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Abdullah and Hassan, the sons of Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (KaramAllah Wajhah) from their father, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) and grant him peace, forbade temporary marriage with women and the flesh of domestic donkeys on the Day of Khaybar. Muwatta (Book #28, Hadith #28.18.41)
'Urwa b. Zabair reported that 'Abdullah b. Zubair (RadiAllah Taal Anhah) stood up (and delivered an address) in Makkah saying: Allah has made blind the hearts of some people as He has deprived them of eyesight that they give religious verdict in favour of temporary marriage, while he was alluding to a person (Ibn 'Abbas). Ibn Abbas called him and said: You are an uncouth person, devoid of sense. By my life, mut'a was practised during the lifetime of the leader of the pious (he meant Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam), and Ibn Zubair said to him: just do it yourselves, and by Allah, if you do that I will stone you with your stones. Ibn Shihab said. Khalid b. Muhajir b. Saifullah informed me: While I was sitting in the company of a person, a person came to him and he asked for a religious verdict about mut'a and he permitted him to do it. Ibn Abu 'Amrah al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Be gentle. It was permitted in- the early days of Islam, (for one) who was driven to it under the stress of necessity just as (the eating of) carrion and the blood and flesh of swine and then Allah intensified (the commands of) His religion and prohibited it (altogether). Ibn Shihab reported: Rabi' b. Sabra told me that his father (Sabra) said: I contracted temporary marriage with a woman of Banu 'Amir for two cloaks during the lifetime of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam); then he forbade us to do mut'a. Ibn Shihab said: I heard Rabi' b. Sabra narrating it to Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz and I was sitting there. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3261)
Abd Nadra reported: While I was in the company of Jibir, a person came and said: There is difference of opinion among Ibn Abbas and Ibn Zubair about two mut'as (benefits, Tamattul in Hajj and temporary marriage with women), whereupon Jibir said: We have been doing this during the lifetime of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam), and then 'Umar forbade us to do so, and we never resorted to them. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2874)
Ghunaim b. Qais said: I asked Sa'd b. Abu Waqqas (Allah be pleased with him) about mut'a, whereupon he said: We did that, and it was the day when he was an unbeliever living in (one of the) houses of Makkah. Sahi Muslim (Book #007, Hadith #2821)

Comments: Mut'a was performed by a Sahabah when he did not accept Islam, when he was an unbeliever.

Narrated Saburah ibn Ma'bad al-Juhani: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited temporary marriage with women. Abu Dawud (Book #11, Hadith #2068)
Sabra Juhanni reported: Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted temporary marriage for us. So I and another person went out and saw a woman of Bana 'Amir, who was like a young long-necked she-camel. We presented ourselves to her (for contracting temporary marriage), whereupon she said: What dower would you give me? I said: My cloak. And my companion also said: My cloak. And the cloak of-my companion was superior to my cloak, but I was younger than he. So when she looked at the cloak of my companion she liked it, and when she cast a glance at me I looked more attractive to her. She then said: Well, you and your cloak are sufficient for me. I remained with her for three nights, and then Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said: He who has any such woman with whom he had contracted temporary marriage, he should let her off. Sahi Bukhari (Book #008, Hadith #3252)
Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) prohibited the contracting of temporary marriage. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3259)
Rabi' b. Sabra reported that his father went on an expedition with Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) during the Victory of Makkah, and we stayed there for fifteen days (i. e. for thirteen full days and a day and a night), and Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted us to contract temporary marriage with women. So I and another person of my tribe went out, and I was more handsome than he, whereas he was almost ugly. Each one of us had a cloaks, My cloak was worn out, whereas the cloak of my cousin was quite new. As we reached the lower or the upper side of Makkah, we came across a young woman like a young smart long-necked she-camel. We said: Is it possible that one of us may contract temporary marriage with you? She said: What will you give me as a dower? Each one of us spread his cloak. She began to cast a glance on both the persons. My companion also looked at her when she was casting a glance at her side and he said: This cloak of his is worn out, whereas my cloak is quite new. She, however, said twice or thrice: There is no harm in (accepting) this cloak (the old one). So I contracted temporary marriage with her, and I did not come out (of this) until Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) declared it forbidden. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3253)
'Abd al-Malik b. Rabi' b. Sabraal-Juhanni reported on the authority of his father who narrated it on the authority of his father (i e. 'Abd al-Malik's grandfather, Sabura al-juhanni): Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted us to contract temporary marriage in the Year of Victory, as we entered Mecce, and we did come out of it but he forbade us to do it. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3257)
Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade on the Day of Victory to contract temporary marriage with women. This Hadith has been narrated on the authority of Rabi' b. Sabra that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) forbade to contract temporary marriage with women at the time of Victory, and that his father had contracted the marriage for two red cloaks. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3260)
Iyas b. Salama reported on the authority of his father that Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) gave sanction for contracting temporary marriage for three nights in the year of Autas 1847 and then forbade it. Sahi Muslim (Book #008, Hadith #3251)

THE OFFER & ACCEPTANCE OF NIKAH SHOULD BE OF PERMANENT NATURE AND NOT TEMPORARY

All forms of temporary marriages are forbidden in Islam. If anything stated in the offer and acceptance of Nikah indicates a temporary nature, the marriage is not valid.

Allah has commanded us to do lawful and honorable marriage. If Mut'a would be lawful and honorable then Allah Almighty would never use the words 'honorable marrying'. If every marriage would be lawful then Allah would simple say 'marriage'. The reason of commanding us for lawful marriage is to differ lawful marriage from unlawful marriage i.e. Mut'a. Permanent marriage is one of the Sunnahs of Prophet Mohammad (SalAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) like other of his Sunnahs. Other Sunnahs and worships are never distinguished for being lawful or unlawful but because temporary marriage (Mut'a) was made unlawful later, that is why it was differed from lawful and honorable marriage.

Quran:

And his people came rushing towards him, and since aforetime they used to commit crimes (sodomy, etc.), he said: "O my people! Here are my daughters (i.e. the daughters of my nation), they are purer for you (if you marry them lawfully). So fear Allah and degrade me not as regards my guests! Is there not among you a single right-minded man?" (Chapter #11, Verse #78)
There is no blame on you if ye make an offer of betrothal or hold it in your hearts. Allah knows that ye cherish them in your hearts: But do not make a secret contract with them except in terms Honorable, nor resolve on the tie of marriage till the term prescribed is fulfilled. And know that Allah Knoweth what is in your hearts, and take heed of Him; and know that Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Forbearing. (Chapter #2, Verse #235)
And those of you who die and leave behind wives should bequeath for their wives a years maintenance and residence without turning them out, but if they (wives) leave, there is no sin on you for that which they do of themselves, provided it is honorable (e.g. lawful marriage). And Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise. (The order of this Verse has been cancelled (abrogated) by Verse 4:12). (Chapter #2, Verse #240)
Let those who find not the wherewithal for marriage keep themselves chaste, until Allah gives them means out of His grace. And if any of your slaves ask for a deed in writing (to enable them to earn their freedom for a certain sum), give them such a deed if ye know any good in them: yea, give them something yourselves out of the means which Allah has given to you. But force not your maids to prostitution when they desire chastity, in order that ye may make a gain in the goods of this life. But if anyone compels them, yet, after such compulsion, is Allah, Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful (to them), (Chapter #24, Verse #33)

HADITH REJECTORS:

There is a vast community of people who are Hadith rejecters. They claim to be Muslims but actually they are not. They are Hypocrites who find their convenience and luxury before the commands of Allah. Whoever will reject the saying of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) will go to Hell. Quran orders all of us to believe in the sayings of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam).

Quran
So take what the Messenger assigns to you, and deny yourselves that which he withholds from you. And fear Allah. for Allah is strict in Punishment. (Chapter #59, Verse #7)
O ye who believe! When ye hold secret counsel, do it not for iniquity and hostility, and disobedience to the prophet; but do it for righteousness and self- restraint; and fear Allah, to Whom ye shall be brought back. (Chapter #58, Verse #9)

Quran directs us to act upon what Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) has told us to do and refrain from what he stops us. We must obey him. Quran has given the tidings of punishment for those who disobey the Prophet.

One should be ready for the Hell fire if he/she thinks that the closest companions (Sahabah-e-Karaam) of the Prophet have told a lie for the sayings of Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam)? You and I are common Muslims much worried about Hell and Heaven that is why many brothers and sisters asked me to write about Mut'a because no one wants to get involved in a Haram thing. Then how can you imagine that Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) told a lie for the Prophet.

Narrated 'Ali: The Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam) said, "Do not tell a lie against me for whoever tells a lie against me (intentionally) then he will surely enter the hell-fire." Sahi Bukhari (Book #3, Hadith #106)

The above Hadith is narrated By Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah), do you think Ahl-e-Bayt have lied for Prophet Mohammad (SallAllaho Alaihi Wasallam)? If you think like this then be prepared for burning in blazing fire of Hell.

SHIA SECT OF MUSLIMS PRACTISE MUT'A AND CURSE SAHABAH-E-KARAM (RadiAllah Taala Anhah)

I am not going in unrelated discussions of Shia and Sunni but I will emphasize the readers to note that Shia community curse Sahabah-e-Karaam (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) especially Hazrat Umar (RadiAllah Taala Anhah), Hazrat Abu Bakr (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) and Hazrat Usman (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) but they forget that Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) had 3 sons naming in the names of Abu Bakr, Umer & Usman. No one keeps the names of one's children in the names of enemies.

HAZRAT ALI (KaramAllah Wajhah) & HAZRAT UMER (RadiAllah Taala Anhah):

There is a very noticeable point which should be noted in the above Hadiths, about the narrators of prohibition of Mut'a. Most of the Hadiths have been narrated by Hazrat Ali bin Abi Talib (Karam Allah Wajhah) and a few have been indirectly narrated by Hazrat Umer (RadiAllah Taala Anhah). It is now your conscience that you believe it or not. It is the duty of every Muslim not to conceal the truth.

Mut'a and eating donkey's meat were prohibited since the first Day of the battle of Khaibar till forever. Most of the Hadiths regarding the prohibition of Mut'a are narrated by Hazrat Ali (KaramAllah Wajhah) and many Hadiths have been narrated by other trustworthy Sahabah (RadiAllah Taala Anhah) that is why all of these Hadiths are considered to be strong.

ADVICE FOR THOSE WHO ARE ENGAGED IN MUT'A

If any person badly needs a woman, then he should marry her in an honorable way stated in Shariah. It is not necessary that you incur useless and too many expenses on celebration of your wedding but you can perform Nikah in the presence of 2 non-discredited witnesses ans set Mehr which is easily payable by you.

I sent articles about the consent of woman and his family. A virgin woman must seek the consent of her guardian (wali), though a matron may marry without the permission of her guardian (wali). Matron is a lady who has been married once and now she is either widow or divorcee; her second marriage is possible without the consent of her guardian (wali).

It has become a tradition to spent millions of money and too much wealth on wedding. But if you seek guidance in the light of Shriah and if you badly need a life partner then perform Nikah with simplicity but Nikah is must with the intention of permanent marriage.

Poverty should not become the hurdle to get married. Allah encourages the Muslims to marry even if they are poor, as He has promised that he will shower His Grace and shall provide the means of living to them.

Quran
Marry those among you who are single, or the virtuous ones among yourselves, male or female: if they are in poverty, Allah will give them means out of His grace: for Allah encompasseth all, and he knoweth all things. (Chapter #24, Verse #32)

Those people who cannot marry because of any reason, they should fast to keep their chaste because fasting reduces sexual desires but should not commit Zina (Mut'a).

Narrated 'Alqama: While I was walking with 'Abdullah he said, "We were in the company of the Prophet and he said, 'He who can afford to marry should marry, because it will help him refrain from looking at other women, and save his private parts from looking at other women, and save his private parts from committing illegal sexual relation; and he who cannot afford to marry is advised to fast, as fasting will diminish his sexual power." (Book #31, Hadith #129)

CONCLUSION:
Temporary marriage, Mut'a or any other name may it be, is Haram till the Day of Resurrection.

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