Basotho women are being encouraged to report abuse |
MASERU, 7 Jun 2006 (IRIN/PLUSNEWS) - The Lesotho government is to improve medical care
for sexual violence survivors after rape cases reported in the first three
months of this year climbed to almost the total number for
2005.
According to Motselisi Mosotho, a member of the Child and Gender
Protection Unit (CGPU), 484 rape cases were registered by the police in the tiny
land-locked kingdom between January and March this year, compared to 501 cases
in the whole of 2005.
The CGPU is part of the Lesotho Mounted Police
Services, which monitors reported cases of abuse and violence against children
and women in a country with a population of two million.
A recent
training programme, run jointly by the government and the UN Children's Fund
(Unicef) to improve services for abuse survivors, was attended by more than 40
private and public medical personnel as well as members of the Christian Health
Association of Lesotho, a faith-based NGO that has eight hospitals and 70 health
centres.
The course covered how to provide post-exposure prophylaxis
(PEP), a regime of antiretroviral drugs that reduces the risk of contracting HIV
from a positive attacker; collecting evidence to help prosecute rape cases; the
investigation of sexually transmitted infections (STIs); HIV and pregnancy
tests; and providing psychosocial support.
"The training is one of the
many awareness campaigns to bring all stakeholders up to speed on the handling
of raped persons, especially children," said Mandaba Limema, a social worker
with the Ministry of Health.
A gynaecologist working at a government
hospital, Dr Hassan Elhag, said the course had been comprehensive and timely, as
medical personnel in the country had previously only been required to identify
sperm and the presence of STIs.
"We concentrated on physical
examination, where we looked for scratches that would indicate a rape. We would
do a vaginal swab where, microscopically, sperm would be examined, and a
possibility of infection would be determined. Then we would prescribe medication
for STI and emergency contraceptives. We never gave PEP. Though counseling was
done, it was not intensive because in an emergency setup there is just is no
time," he explained. "But with this training ... the sexual offences act [has]
come to life."
According to Unicef, the current case-reporting and
data-collection forms used in hospitals focused mainly on physical evidence and
were comprehensive enough to allow doctors to follow up on rape and abuse cases,
but "without the guidelines to standardise management of rape, and ensure a
holistic and coordinated approach among concerned sectors, treatment of
survivors relies entirely on individual service providers, often without further
referrals."
In Lesotho's patriarchal society, violence against women is
characterised by shame and stigma, and regarded as a family affair. Proper care
and management of rape survivors could help reduce the burden of work placed on
NGOs, who often lacked the resources to deal with the abused, said Mavis
Mochochoko of Ministries of Insured Salvation, a children and women's rights NGO
based in the capital, Maseru.
If all services were made available at one
centre, they could also help traumatised abuse survivors, she
added.
According to CGPU's Mosotho, gender rights campaigns have
encouraged people to report abuse, and "the sensitisation of the people [by] the
unit to raise awareness of their rights and the responsibility of reporting
rape" has contributed to the jump in the number of rape cases this
year.
"Before these campaigns, rape was viewed as a family issue that,
even when a family member raped another, the matter was dealt at the family
level," Mosotho commented. "However, people now understand that ... fathers
cannot father their [own grand]children, as was the case before."
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